Tradurre Conjugation in Italian

tradurre means “to translate” in English, and it is one of the first verbs Italian learners meet — it sits at number 409 in VerbFlow’s frequency list for Italian verbs. It is one of the -rre verbs, and it is totally irregular: the present, the remoto and the participle use different stems, so the io form is traduco, the participle is tradotto and the future is tradurrò. Learn the three stems as a set instead of deriving them from the infinitive. This page gives you the complete conjugation of tradurre — every tense, every person, the gerund and the past participle — with notes, examples, common mistakes and a quiz. Here is the verb in a natural sentence: “Io traduco la lettera ogni giorno.” — “I translate the letter.”

Quick facts

  • Infinitive: tradurre
  • English: to translate
  • Verb type: Irregular -ere verb
  • Irregular in: present, passato-remoto, imperfect, future, conditional, present-perfect, pluperfect, future-perfect, conditional-perfect, present-subjunctive, imperfect-subjunctive, gerund, past-participle, imperative-affirmative, imperative-negative
  • Gerund: traducendo
  • Present participle: traducente
  • Past participle: tradotto
  • Auxiliary: avere (all perfect tenses are formed with avere + the past participle)
  • Ending: -ere verbs; pattern ere in the verified tables

Pronunciation

Pronunciation is not listed on this page: the verified tables do not include IPA for tradurre, so no pronunciation is given rather than an invented one. Learn the spelling of the forms first, and listen to a native speaker for the sounds rather than trusting an invented transcription. The forms below are the ones that matter: once you can read tradurre in every tense, you can recognise it in speech even before you can pronounce every form perfectly.

Three things to remember about tradurre

  1. It is irregular in 15 tense(s): present, passato-remoto, imperfect, future, conditional, present-perfect, pluperfect, future-perfect, conditional-perfect, present-subjunctive, imperfect-subjunctive, gerund, past-participle, imperative-affirmative, imperative-negative. Learn those forms as a set instead of guessing them from the infinitive, because the stem changes in ways no rule predicts. It is one of the -rre verbs: the present, the remoto and the participle use different stems, so the io form is traduco and the participle is tradotto.
  2. The perfect tenses use avere: the passato prossimo is formed with avere in the present plus the past participle tradotto. The tables on this page give the participle in the masculine singular form, exactly as it appears in the verified dump; agreement with the subject is a separate step that depends on the sentence, not on the verb table.
  3. The participles are traducente and tradotto: keep both in mind as you read the tables, because the present participle appears as an adjective and the past participle appears in every perfect tense. If you know those two forms and the present tense, you already know the skeleton of the whole conjugation.

A note on tradurre

A note on the pattern: tradurre is one of the -rre verbs, so its present, remoto and participle use different stems — io traduco, the participle tradotto, the future tradurrò — while the imperfect follows the regular pattern from the stem. Learn the three stems as a set, and do not try to build the remoto or the participle from the infinitive.

Full conjugation tables

Every form below comes from VerbFlow’s verified conjugation tables for tradurre. Learn the present tense first, then the passato prossimo and the imperfect, and add the remaining tenses one at a time.

Present indicative (presente)

Person Form
io traduco
tu traduci
lui/lei traduce
noi traduciamo
voi traducete
loro traducono

The present indicative is used for habits, facts and things happening now. For example: “Io traduco la lettera ogni giorno.” — “I translate the letter”

Passato remoto

Person Form
io tradussi
tu traducesti
lui/lei tradusse
noi traducemmo
voi traduceste
loro tradussero

The passato remoto is used for completed actions in the distant past, mostly in written and literary Italian and in the south of Italy. For example: “Io tradussi la lettera ieri.” — “I translated the letter”

Imperfect (imperfetto)

Person Form
io traducevo
tu traducevi
lui/lei traduceva
noi traducevamo
voi traducevate
loro traducevano

The imperfect is used for ongoing or habitual actions in the past, and for background description. For example: “Io traducevo la lettera una volta.” — “I used to translate the letter”

Future (futuro semplice)

Person Form
io tradurrò
tu tradurrai
lui/lei tradurrà
noi tradurremo
voi tradurrete
loro tradurranno

The future is used for what will happen, for predictions and for probability. For example: “Io tradurrò la lettera domani.” — “I will translate the letter”

Conditional (condizionale)

Person Form
io tradurrei
tu tradurresti
lui/lei tradurrebbe
noi tradurremmo
voi tradurreste
loro tradurrebbero

The conditional is used for what would happen, for polite requests and for hypothetical situations. For example: “Io tradurrei la lettera un giorno.” — “I would translate the letter”

Present perfect (passato prossimo)

Person Form
io ho tradotto
tu hai tradotto
lui/lei ha tradotto
noi abbiamo tradotto
voi avete tradotto
loro hanno tradotto

The passato prossimo is used for completed actions in the past, especially in spoken Italian. For example: “Lui ha tradotto la lettera questa settimana.” — “He has translated the letter”

Pluperfect (trapassato prossimo)

Person Form
io avevo tradotto
tu avevi tradotto
lui/lei aveva tradotto
noi avevamo tradotto
voi avevate tradotto
loro avevano tradotto

The pluperfect is used for an action completed before another past action. For example: “Io avevo tradotto la lettera prima della festa.” — “I had translated the letter”

Future perfect (futuro anteriore)

Person Form
io avrò tradotto
tu avrai tradotto
lui/lei avrà tradotto
noi avremo tradotto
voi avrete tradotto
loro avranno tradotto

The future perfect is used for what will have happened by a point in the future. For example: “Io avrò tradotto la lettera per domani.” — “I will have translated the letter”

Conditional perfect (condizionale passato)

Person Form
io avrei tradotto
tu avresti tradotto
lui/lei avrebbe tradotto
noi avremmo tradotto
voi avreste tradotto
loro avrebbero tradotto

The conditional perfect is used for what would have happened in a different past. For example: “Io avrei tradotto la lettera ieri.” — “I would have translated the letter”

Present subjunctive (congiuntivo presente)

Person Form
io traduca
tu traduca
lui/lei traduca
noi traduciamo
voi traduciate
loro traducano

The present subjunctive is used for wishes, doubts, emotions and opinions after che. For example: “È importante che io traduca la lettera.” — “It is important that I translate the letter”

Imperfect subjunctive (congiuntivo imperfetto)

Person Form
io traducessi
tu traducessi
lui/lei traducesse
noi traducessimo
voi traduceste
loro traducessero

The imperfect subjunctive is used in the past for wishes and hypotheticals after che, and in if-clauses. For example: “Era importante che io traducessi la lettera.” — “It was important that I translate the letter”

Imperative (affirmative)

Person Form
tu traduci
lui/lei traduca
noi traduciamo
voi traducete
loro traducano

The affirmative imperative is used for direct commands and instructions. For example: “Traduci la lettera!” — “Translate the letter!”

Imperative (negative)

Person Form
tu tradurre
lui/lei traduca
noi traduciamo
voi traduciate
loro traducano

The negative imperative is used for prohibitions and negative commands. For example: “Non tradurre la lettera.” — “Do not translate the letter.”

Gerund

Form Italian
Gerund traducendo

The gerund is used for an action happening at the same time as another action, often with stare for the progressive. For example: “Traducendo la lettera, imparo molto.” — “While translating the letter, I learn a lot.”

Present participle

Form Italian
Present participle traducente

The present participle is used as an adjective, describing an ongoing action. For example, the participle traducente is used to describe something that is happening at the same time as the main action, much like an English -ing adjective.

Past participle

Form Italian
Past participle tradotto

The past participle is used with an auxiliary to form the perfect tenses, and as an adjective. For example: “Io ho tradotto la lettera questa settimana.” — “I have translated the letter.”

Example sentences

Ten natural sentences with tradurre, covering different tenses and persons. Say each one aloud, then cover the Italian and try to produce it from the English.

  1. “Io traduco la lettera ogni giorno.” — “I translate the letter”
  2. “Tu traducesti la lettera ieri.” — “You translated the letter”
  3. “Lui traduceva la lettera una volta.” — “He used to translate the letter”
  4. “Io tradurrò la lettera domani.” — “I will translate the letter”
  5. “Tu tradurresti la lettera un giorno.” — “You would translate the letter”
  6. “Lui ha tradotto la lettera questa settimana.” — “He has translated the letter”
  7. “Io avevo tradotto la lettera prima della festa.” — “I had translated the letter”
  8. “Tu avrai tradotto la lettera per domani.” — “You will have translated the letter”
  9. “È importante che io traduca la lettera.” — “It is important that I translate the letter”
  10. “Traduci la lettera!” — “Translate the letter!”

Common mistakes

1. Using the infinitive instead of a conjugated form

✗ Wrong: “Io tradurre la lettera.”

✓ Right: “Io traduco la lettera ogni giorno.”

The infinitive tradurre never takes a subject. After io you need the conjugated present form traduco.

2. Using the wrong person’s form

✗ Wrong: “Io traduci la lettera.”

✓ Right: “Io traduco la lettera ogni giorno.”

traduci is the tu form, not the io form. Match the verb to the subject every time: io goes with traduco.

3. Using the present for a finished past action

✗ Wrong: “Io traduco la lettera ieri.”

✓ Right: “Io ho tradotto la lettera questa settimana.”

Yesterday points to the past, so the present is wrong here. Use the passato prossimo ho tradotto for a finished action yesterday.

4. Using the wrong auxiliary in the passato prossimo

✗ Wrong: “Io sono tradotto la lettera.”

✓ Right: “Io ho tradotto la lettera questa settimana.”

The passato prossimo of tradurre is formed with avere plus the past participle tradotto: the io form is ho tradotto. Check the auxiliary in the table above before you build a perfect tense.

5. Using the indicative after a subjunctive trigger

✗ Wrong: “È importante che io traduco la lettera.”

✓ Right: “È importante che io traduca la lettera.”

After è importante che Italian needs the subjunctive, so use traduca here, not the indicative traduco.

6. Using the gerund instead of the past participle in a perfect tense

✗ Wrong: “Io ho traducendo la lettera.”

✓ Right: “Io ho tradotto la lettera questa settimana.”

The perfect tenses need the past participle tradotto, not the gerund traducendo. The gerund belongs in progressive constructions, never after an auxiliary in a perfect tense.

Quiz: test yourself

Ten questions on tradurre. Choose the right form, then check the answer key below.

  1. What is the io form of tradurre in the Present indicative?

    • A) traduci
    • B) traduco
    • C) traduce
    • D) traduciamo
  2. What is the lui/lei form of tradurre in the Passato remoto?

    • A) tradussi
    • B) traducesti
    • C) tradusse
    • D) traducemmo
  3. What is the noi form of tradurre in the Imperfect?

    • A) traducevo
    • B) traducevi
    • C) traduceva
    • D) traducevamo
  4. What is the tu form of tradurre in the Future?

    • A) tradurrai
    • B) tradurrò
    • C) tradurrà
    • D) tradurremo
  5. What is the io form of tradurre in the Conditional?

    • A) tradurresti
    • B) tradurrei
    • C) tradurrebbe
    • D) tradurremmo
  6. What is the lui/lei form of tradurre in the Present perfect (passato prossimo)?

    • A) ho tradotto
    • B) hai tradotto
    • C) ha tradotto
    • D) abbiamo tradotto
  7. What is the lui/lei form of tradurre in the Present subjunctive?

    • A) traduciamo
    • B) traduciate
    • C) traducano
    • D) traduca
  8. What is the io form of tradurre in the Imperfect subjunctive?

    • A) traducessi
    • B) traducesse
    • C) traducessimo
    • D) traduceste
  9. What is the gerund of tradurre?

    • A) tradotto
    • B) traducendo
    • C) tradurre
    • D) traduco
  10. What does tradurre mean in English?

  • A) to explain
  • B) to answer
  • C) to translate
  • D) to ask

Answer key

  1. B) traduco — the correct form is traduco. The other options are other forms of the same verb.
  2. C) tradusse — the correct form is tradusse. The other options are other forms of the same verb.
  3. D) traducevamo — the correct form is traducevamo. The other options are other forms of the same verb.
  4. A) tradurrai — the correct form is tradurrai. The other options are other forms of the same verb.
  5. B) tradurrei — the correct form is tradurrei. The other options are other forms of the same verb.
  6. C) ha tradotto — the correct form is ha tradotto. The other options are other forms of the same verb.
  7. D) traduca — the correct form is traduca. The other options are other forms of the same verb.
  8. A) traducessi — the correct form is traducessi. The other options are other forms of the same verb.
  9. B) traducendo — the correct form is traducendo. The other options are other forms of the same verb.
  10. C) to translate — the correct form is to translate. The other options are other forms of the same verb.

Frequently asked questions

What does tradurre mean in English?

tradurre means “to translate”. It is a core everyday verb, so its present-tense forms are worth learning first.

Is tradurre regular or irregular?

tradurre is irregular: it is irregular in present, passato-remoto, imperfect, future, conditional, present-perfect, pluperfect, future-perfect, conditional-perfect, present-subjunctive, imperfect-subjunctive, gerund, past-participle, imperative-affirmative, imperative-negative. The gerund is traducendo and the past participle is tradotto.

What are the gerund and past participle of tradurre?

The gerund is traducendo — use it with stare for the progressive. The past participle is tradotto — use it with avere for the perfect tenses, as in ho tradotto.

Which auxiliary does tradurre take in the passato prossimo?

tradurre takes avere in the passato prossimo: the io form is ho tradotto. All four perfect tenses on this page are built with avere plus the past participle tradotto.

How do I say “I translate” in Italian?

Say “Io traduco la lettera ogni giorno.” — “I translate the letter” The io form of the present is traduco, and it is the form you will use most often.

Related pages