Introduction
resumir means “to summarise”, and this page covers exactly one thing: resumir in the present tense. The present is the tense Spanish speakers reach for when they talk about what happens regularly and what is happening now. On this page you will find the full present table for resumir, how the tense is formed for this verb, the situations where it is used, how it differs from the preterite, worked examples, the mistakes learners make most often, an eight-question quiz with explained answers, and answers to the questions students ask about resumir in the present. For example: “Yo resumo el texto todos los días.” — “I summarise the text.” Everything on this page uses the forms of resumir exactly as they are conjugated in the present, so you can trust every form you see here.
resumir in the Present Tense — full table
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | resumo |
| tú | resumes |
| él/ella/Ud. | resume |
| nosotros/as | resumimos |
| vosotros/as | resumís |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | resumen |
Gerund: resumiendo · Past participle: resumido
The gerund is resumiendo, which you use with estar to say what is happening right now: “Estoy resumiendo” means the action of resumir is in progress at this very moment. The past participle is resumido, which you use with haber in the perfect tenses: “he resumido” is the present perfect, used for a completed action. Keep both forms in mind as you read the examples below, because the present is only one part of how resumir is used.
How the present of resumir is formed
resumir is a -ir verb. Take the stem resum and add the present endings for -ir verbs: -o, -es, -e, -imos, -ís, -en, giving resumo, resumes, resume, resumimos, resumís and resumen. resumir is regular in the present, so once you know the endings you can build all six forms from the stem.
The present of resumir rewards careful reading of the table. Two details deserve attention. First, the yo form resumo is the form you will use most when you talk about yourself, so say it out loud until it comes without thinking. Second, the nosotros form resumimos and the ellos form resumen are the ones learners confuse most often, because they are the forms used for groups. Practise the six forms in order — yo, tú, él, nosotros, vosotros, ellos — and the pattern will settle.
When to use the present of resumir
The present is not a single-purpose tense. Below are the five situations where you will use resumir in the present most often. Each one comes with a real example, so read the rule, then say the example out loud.
1. A habit or routine
resumir in the present describes something done regularly. When talking about the text is part of your routine, the present is the right tense. Example: “Yo resumo el texto cada día.” — “I summarise the text.”
2. A fact or general truth
General truths about the text also take the present. The tense states how things are, not when they happened. Example: “Él resume el texto siempre.” — “He summarises the text.”
3. Something happening right now
Use the present for what is happening at this moment. It is the simplest way to describe an action in progress when you do not need the gerund. Example: “Nosotros resumimos el texto ahora mismo.” — “We summarise the text.”
4. A scheduled near-future event
Spanish often uses the present for plans that are already fixed, especially with a time expression. It sounds more certain than the future tense. Example: “Ellos resumen el texto mañana.” — “They summarise the text.”
5. Instructions and explanations
When you explain how something works — how to talk about the text — the present is the natural tense. Recipes, rules and directions all live in the present. Example: “Tú resumes el texto normalmente.” — “you summarise the text.”
Present Tense vs Preterite: how to choose
The closest tense to the present is the preterite, and choosing between them is one of the hardest decisions in Spanish. The rule is simple: the present reports what happens regularly or is happening now, while the preterite reports one finished action. The three pairs below use the same verb, so the only thing that changes is the tense. Time words help: cada día and siempre point to the present, while ayer points to the preterite.
Present Tense: “Yo resumo el texto cada día.” — “I summarise the text.”
Preterite: “Yo resumí el texto ayer.” — “I summarised the text.”
The two sentences use the same verb and the same situation, but the tense changes what the sentence claims: a habit or a present fact versus one finished event. That difference is the whole decision.
Present Tense: “Él resume el texto siempre.” — “He summarises the text.”
Preterite: “Él resumió el texto ayer.” — “He summarised the text.”
The two sentences use the same verb and the same situation, but the tense changes what the sentence claims: a habit or a present fact versus one finished event. That difference is the whole decision.
Present Tense: “Nosotros resumimos el texto todos los días.” — “We summarise the text.”
Preterite: “Nosotros resumimos el texto ayer.” — “We summarised the text.”
The two sentences use the same verb and the same situation, but the tense changes what the sentence claims: a habit or a present fact versus one finished event. That difference is the whole decision.
Example sentences: resumir in the present
Read these eight sentences out loud. They cover all six persons, so by the end you will have seen every form in the table used in a real sentence. Pay attention to the words around the verb — the time expressions, the objects, the other verbs — because those are what make each sentence sound natural.
- “Yo resumo el texto cada día.” — “I summarise the text.”
- “Tú resumes el texto cada día.” — “you summarise the text.”
- “Él resume el texto siempre.” — “He summarises the text.”
- “Nosotros resumimos el texto todos los días.” — “We summarise the text.”
- “Vosotros resumís el texto cada semana.” — “You summarise the text.”
- “Ellos resumen el texto normalmente.” — “They summarise the text.”
- “Yo resumo el texto ahora mismo.” — “I summarise the text.”
- “Él resume el texto cada día.” — “He summarises the text.”
Common mistakes
Confusing resumir with resultar
resumir and resultar look similar, and learners mix them up. They are different verbs with different meanings, so check which one the sentence needs before you conjugate. If you can substitute the English meaning of resumir — summarise — the sentence needs resumir; if it needs the meaning of resultar, use that verb instead.
Using the indicative after "espero que"
After espero que (I hope that), Spanish needs the subjunctive: Espero que yo resuma el texto. Using the indicative — Espero que yo resumo — is one of the most frequent learner errors with resumir. Whenever the main clause expresses a wish, doubt or emotion, switch to the subjunctive.
Forgetting the accent in the preterite
The yo preterite form is resumí, with an accent on the stressed vowel. Writing it without the accent — resumi — is a spelling error, and in speech the stress lands in the wrong place. Preterite yo forms that end in a vowel carry that accent, so check it every time you write the preterite of resumir.
Mixing up present and preterite nosotros
For resumir, the nosotros form is the same in the present and the preterite: resumimos. Only the context tells you which tense is meant, so pay attention to the time words around it — cada día points to the present, ayer points to the preterite. Do not invent a different form for one of the tenses.
Using the wrong tense for resumir
The most general mistake is choosing the wrong tense altogether: using the present where Spanish needs the preterite, or the other way round. Check the time words first — ayer and la semana pasada point to the past, cada día and siempre point to the present — and then check whether the action is finished or ongoing. If you can answer those two questions, the tense usually chooses itself.
Quiz
Test yourself on the forms above. Choose the best answer, then check the key below.
1. What is the yo form of resumir in the present tense?
- A. resumes
- B. resume
- C. resumimos
- D. resumo
2. What is the tu form of resumir in the present tense?
- A. resumes
- B. resumo
- C. resume
- D. resumimos
3. What is the el form of resumir in the present tense?
- A. resumimos
- B. resume
- C. resumo
- D. resumes
4. What is the nosotros form of resumir in the present tense?
- A. resumes
- B. resume
- C. resumimos
- D. resumo
5. What is the vosotros form of resumir in the present tense?
- A. resumo
- B. resumes
- C. resume
- D. resumís
6. What is the ellos form of resumir in the present tense?
- A. resumen
- B. resumo
- C. resumes
- D. resume
7. What is the yo form of resumir in the present tense?
- A. resumimos
- B. resumo
- C. resumes
- D. resume
8. What is the el form of resumir in the present tense?
- A. resumes
- B. resumimos
- C. resume
- D. resumo
Answer key
- resumo — The present table gives yo = resumo.
- resumes — The present table gives tu = resumes.
- resume — The present table gives el = resume.
- resumimos — The present table gives nosotros = resumimos.
- resumís — The present table gives vosotros = resumís.
- resumen — The present table gives ellos = resumen.
- resumo — The present table gives yo = resumo.
- resume — The present table gives el = resume.
Frequently asked questions
How do you form the present of resumir?
Take the stem resum and add the present endings for -ir verbs. The six forms are resumo, resumes, resume, resumimos, resumís and resumen. Copy the forms from the table above rather than building them from memory until they are automatic.
When should I use the present of resumir?
Use it for habits, facts and things happening now. The five rules in the section above cover the situations you will meet most often. If the action is a routine or a present fact, the present is the right choice.
What is the difference between the present and the preterite of resumir?
The present form for yo is resumo and the preterite form is resumí — different forms for different meanings. The present reports what happens regularly or now, while the preterite reports one finished action. The contrasted pairs above show the same situation in both tenses, so compare them side by side.
Is resumir regular in the present?
Yes — resumir is regular in the present and follows the standard -ir endings. The full conjugation of resumir is on its main conjugation page, where every tense is covered.
Related links
- resumir conjugation — the full conjugation of resumir in every tense.
- resumir examples and quiz — more sentences, dialogues and a second quiz.
- Spanish present tense guide — the full guide to the present tense.
- Spanish verbs — the Spanish hub with every verb on VerbFlow.
- Present tense conjugator — conjugate any verb in the present tense.
- Verb quiz — practise conjugations with timed questions.