Introduction
Learning to conjugate residir — “to reside” — opens up a whole set of sentences you will use in real Spanish. Whether you are talking about what you do every day, what happened yesterday, or what you plan to do tomorrow, residir is one of the verbs that carries those sentences, especially when the topic is in Madrid. On this page you will find the full conjugation of residir in all thirteen tenses, notes on when to use each one, example sentences, the mistakes learners make most often, a ten-question quiz and answers to the questions students ask about this verb. residir is a regular -ir verb; the gerund is residiendo and the past participle is residido, and both appear in the tables and examples below. For example: “Yo resido en Madrid todos los días.” — “I reside in Madrid.” Read the tables first, then the notes, and finish with the quiz to check what you have learned.
Quick facts
| Infinitive | residir |
| English | to reside |
| Verb type | Regular -ir verb |
| Gerund | residiendo |
| Past participle | residido |
| Auxiliary verb | haber |
Full conjugation tables
Gerund: residiendo · Past participle: residido
Present Indicative
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | resido |
| tú | resides |
| él/ella/Ud. | reside |
| nosotros/as | residimos |
| vosotros/as | residís |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | residen |
The present tense describes habits, facts and what is happening now. For residir, the yo form is resido, as in “Yo resido en Madrid.” — “I reside in Madrid.”
Preterite
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | residí |
| tú | residiste |
| él/ella/Ud. | residió |
| nosotros/as | residimos |
| vosotros/as | residisteis |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | residieron |
The preterite describes completed actions in the past — things that started and finished. For residir, the yo form is residí, as in “Yo residí en Madrid.” — “I resided in Madrid.”
Imperfect
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | residía |
| tú | residías |
| él/ella/Ud. | residía |
| nosotros/as | residíamos |
| vosotros/as | residíais |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | residían |
The imperfect describes the past as background: habits, descriptions and actions in progress. For residir, the yo form is residía, as in “Yo residía en Madrid.” — “I used to reside in Madrid.”
Future
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | residiré |
| tú | residirás |
| él/ella/Ud. | residirá |
| nosotros/as | residiremos |
| vosotros/as | residiréis |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | residirán |
The future tense states what will happen. It is also used for predictions and promises. For residir, the yo form is residiré, as in “Yo residiré en Madrid.” — “I will reside in Madrid.”
Conditional
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | residiría |
| tú | residirías |
| él/ella/Ud. | residiría |
| nosotros/as | residiríamos |
| vosotros/as | residiríais |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | residirían |
The conditional expresses what would happen: wishes, polite requests and hypothetical results. For residir, the yo form is residiría, as in “Yo residiría en Madrid.” — “I would reside in Madrid.”
Present Perfect
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | he residido |
| tú | has residido |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha residido |
| nosotros/as | hemos residido |
| vosotros/as | habéis residido |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | han residido |
The present perfect connects the past with the present: something that has happened, often today or recently. For residir, the yo form is he residido, as in “Yo he residido en Madrid.” — “I have resided in Madrid.”
Pluperfect
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | había residido |
| tú | habías residido |
| él/ella/Ud. | había residido |
| nosotros/as | habíamos residido |
| vosotros/as | habíais residido |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | habían residido |
The pluperfect describes an event that happened before another past event. For residir, the yo form is había residido, as in “Yo había residido en Madrid.” — “I had resided in Madrid.”
Future Perfect
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | habré residido |
| tú | habrás residido |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá residido |
| nosotros/as | habremos residido |
| vosotros/as | habréis residido |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | habrán residido |
The future perfect describes something that will already be finished by a future moment. For residir, the yo form is habré residido, as in “Yo habré residido en Madrid.” — “I will have resided in Madrid.”
Conditional Perfect
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | habría residido |
| tú | habrías residido |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría residido |
| nosotros/as | habríamos residido |
| vosotros/as | habríais residido |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | habrían residido |
The conditional perfect describes what would have happened under different conditions. For residir, the yo form is habría residido, as in “Yo habría residido en Madrid.” — “I would have resided in Madrid.”
Present Subjunctive
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | resida |
| tú | residas |
| él/ella/Ud. | resida |
| nosotros/as | residamos |
| vosotros/as | residáis |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | residan |
The present subjunctive is used after expressions of wish, doubt, emotion and influence. For residir, the yo form is resida, as in “Espero que yo resida en Madrid.” — “I hope that I reside in Madrid.”
Imperfect Subjunctive (-ra)
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | residiera |
| tú | residieras |
| él/ella/Ud. | residiera |
| nosotros/as | residiéramos |
| vosotros/as | residierais |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | residieran |
The imperfect subjunctive is used in the past versions of subjunctive clauses, and after "si" in hypothetical sentences. For residir, the yo form is residiera, as in “Si yo residiera en Madrid, ...” — “If I resided in Madrid, ...”
The -se variant of this tense follows the same pattern with -se instead of -ra: residiera becomes residiese, and the same change applies to every person. Both variants mean the same thing; -ra is more common in everyday speech.
Imperative (affirmative)
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| tú | reside |
| Ud. | resida |
| nosotros/as | residamos |
| vosotros/as | residid |
| Uds. | residan |
Imperative (negative)
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| tú | residas |
| Ud. | resida |
| nosotros/as | residamos |
| vosotros/as | residáis |
| Uds. | residan |
The imperative is for orders, requests and advice. The affirmative tú form is reside, as in “¡Reside en Madrid” — “Reside in Madrid” For the negative imperative, Spanish uses the subjunctive forms: no residas. Note that the affirmative and negative forms differ, so check the table above before you give an order with residir.
Example sentences
Here are ten sentences with residir, covering different tenses and persons. Read each one out loud, then read the translation, and notice how the verb form changes while the meaning stays the same.
- “Yo resido en Madrid cada día.” — “I reside in Madrid.”
- “Él reside en Madrid todos los días.” — “He resides in Madrid.”
- “Yo residí en Madrid ayer.” — “I resided in Madrid.”
- “Él residió en Madrid ayer.” — “He resided in Madrid.”
- “Yo residía en Madrid cuando era joven.” — “I used to reside in Madrid.”
- “Nosotros residiremos en Madrid mañana.” — “We will reside in Madrid.”
- “Si pudiera, yo residiría en Madrid.” — “If I could, i would reside in Madrid.”
- “Yo he residido en Madrid hoy.” — “I have resided in Madrid.”
- “Espero que yo resida en Madrid.” — “I hope that I reside in Madrid.”
- “estoy residiendo en Madrid ahora mismo.” — “I am residing in Madrid.”
Common mistakes
Forgetting the accent in the preterite
The yo preterite form is residí, with an accent on the stressed vowel. Writing it without the accent — residi — is a spelling error, and in speech the stress lands in the wrong place. Preterite yo forms that end in a vowel carry that accent, so check it every time you write the preterite of residir.
Mixing up present and preterite nosotros
For residir, the nosotros form is the same in the present and the preterite: residimos. Only the context tells you which tense is meant, so pay attention to the time words around it — cada día points to the present, ayer points to the preterite. Do not invent a different form for one of the tenses.
Using ser instead of haber in perfect tenses
Spanish perfect tenses always use haber, never ser: yo he residido en Madrid. English speakers sometimes reach for soy because English uses to be in some passives, but soy residido is not the present perfect of residir — it is a passive construction with a different meaning.
Confusing residir with resultar
residir and resultar look similar, and learners mix them up. They are different verbs with different meanings, so check which one the sentence needs before you conjugate. If you can substitute the English meaning of residir — reside — the sentence needs residir; if it needs the meaning of resultar, use that verb instead.
Using the indicative after "espero que"
After espero que (I hope that), Spanish needs the subjunctive: Espero que yo resida en Madrid. Using the indicative — Espero que yo resido — is one of the most frequent learner errors with residir. Whenever the main clause expresses a wish, doubt or emotion, switch to the subjunctive.
Quiz
Test yourself on the forms above. Choose the best answer, then check the key below.
1. What is the yo form of residir in the present?
- A. resides
- B. reside
- C. residimos
- D. resido
2. What is the tu form of residir in the preterite?
- A. residimos
- B. residiste
- C. residí
- D. residió
3. What is the el form of residir in the imperfect?
- A. residías
- B. residíamos
- C. residíais
- D. residía
4. What is the nosotros form of residir in the future?
- A. residirá
- B. residiremos
- C. residiré
- D. residirás
5. What is the vosotros form of residir in the present perfect?
- A. he residido
- B. has residido
- C. ha residido
- D. habéis residido
6. What is the ellos form of residir in the present subjunctive?
- A. resida
- B. residan
- C. resida
- D. residas
7. What is the yo form of residir in the preterite?
- A. residiste
- B. residió
- C. residimos
- D. residí
8. What is the tu form of residir in the imperfect?
- A. residíamos
- B. residías
- C. residía
- D. residía
9. What is the el form of residir in the future?
- A. residiré
- B. residirás
- C. residiremos
- D. residirá
10. What is the nosotros form of residir in the conditional?
- A. residiría
- B. residiríamos
- C. residiría
- D. residirías
Answer key
- resido — The present table gives yo = resido.
- residiste — The preterite table gives tu = residiste.
- residía — The imperfect table gives el = residía.
- residiremos — The future table gives nosotros = residiremos.
- habéis residido — The present perfect table gives vosotros = habéis residido.
- residan — The present subjunctive table gives ellos = residan.
- residí — The preterite table gives yo = residí.
- residías — The imperfect table gives tu = residías.
- residirá — The future table gives el = residirá.
- residiríamos — The conditional table gives nosotros = residiríamos.
Frequently asked questions
Is residir regular or irregular?
residir is a regular -ir verb. It follows the regular patterns for its ending in every tense. The tables on this page show the correct form for every person, so use them rather than guessing.
What is the past participle of residir?
The past participle of residir is residido. You use it with haber in the perfect tenses — he residido, había residido, habré residido — and after estar in passive-style descriptions. It is the regular participle for its verb class. Learn it together with the gerund residiendo and you have the two non-finite forms covered.
What is the gerund of residir?
The gerund of residir is residiendo. You use it with estar to describe an action in progress, as in estoy residiendo, and after verbs such as seguir and ir. Keep it distinct from the past participle residido, which belongs with haber, not with estar.
What is the yo form of residir in the present?
The yo form is resido — “Yo resido en Madrid.” means “I reside in Madrid.” That is the form you will use most often when you talk about yourself. For other persons, use the present table above: tú resides, él reside, nosotros residimos, ellos residen.
What is the difference between residir and resultar?
residir means “to reside”, while resultar means “to turn out, to result”. They share letters and sometimes a root, but they are different verbs. If your sentence means “to reside”, use residir; if it is about the meaning of resultar, use resultar instead. Checking the English meaning first prevents most mix-ups.
Related links
- residir in the present tense — the full present-tense page for this verb.
- residir examples and quiz — more sentences, dialogues and a second quiz.
- Spanish verbs — the Spanish hub with every verb on VerbFlow.
- resultar conjugation — another verb in the same family.
- resumir conjugation — another verb in the same family.
- resaltar conjugation — another verb in the same family.
- Verb conjugator — conjugate any Spanish verb instantly.
- Verb quiz — practise conjugations with timed questions.