Aturdir Present Tense Conjugation in Spanish
The present tense of aturdir — “to stun, to daze” in English — is the form you need for what happens now, for habits and for general truths. This page gives you the full present conjugation table for aturdir with all six persons, explains exactly how the tense is formed for this verb, shows when to use it with real examples, and finishes with a quiz so you can test yourself. Aturdir means to stun or to daze, to leave someone confused or dizzy with a blow, a noise or news. It is a fully regular -ir verb used in sport, medicine and everyday speech. To see it in a real sentence: Aturdo al rival con un golpe. — “I stun the rival with a blow.” Learn the six forms in the table below, and the present tense of aturdir will be ready for everyday conversation.
Present tense conjugation table: aturdir
Every person of aturdir in the present tense. The gerund is aturdiendo and the past participle is aturdido.
Present indicative
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | aturdo |
| tú | aturdes |
| él/ella/Ud. | aturde |
| nosotros/as | aturdimos |
| vosotros/as | aturdís |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | aturden |
How the present indicative of aturdir is formed
The present indicative of aturdir is built from the stem plus the present indicative endings for -ir verbs. Take the infinitive, drop the -ir ending, and add the ending that matches the person. The table below shows the endings, and the full table above shows them attached to the stem.
| Person | Ending | Form |
|---|---|---|
| yo | -o | aturdo |
| tú | -es | aturdes |
| él/ella/Ud. | -e | aturde |
| nosotros/as | -imos | aturdimos |
| vosotros/as | -ís | aturdís |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | -en | aturden |
Aturdir is a regular -ir verb in the present tense, so the table above is completely regular. The stem is aturd- and the endings are the normal -ir endings, so once you know the pattern you can produce every form on this page.
The gerund of aturdir is aturdiendo and the past participle is aturdido. Both are regular for this verb, and the participle is the form you need for all the perfect tenses with haber.
When to use the present tense of aturdir
The present tense is not one single use — it covers several situations, and aturdir appears in all of them. The five uses below are the ones you will meet most often, each with an example that shows the verb in a natural sentence.
Routines and habits
Use the present for things you do regularly, every day or every week. The present is the tense of routine, and aturdir fits naturally into daily life.
“Yo aturdo al rival con un golpe todos los días.” — “I stun the rival with a blow every day.”
General facts
Use the present for facts that are true in general, not just today. When you state how something is, the present is the tense to use.
“Él aturde con el ruido de la obra.” — “He/she stuns with the noise from the building work.”
What is happening right now
Use the present for what is happening at this moment. Spanish often uses the simple present where English uses the progressive, so aturdo can mean both “I stun” and “I am stuning”.
“Ahora mismo, yo aturdo a su madre con la noticia.” — “Right now, I stun his mother with the news.”
Fixed plans in the near future
Use the present for a plan that is already fixed, such as something arranged for tomorrow. Spanish uses the present for near-future plans much more freely than English does.
“Mañana, yo aturdo al portero con el disparo.” — “Tomorrow, I will stun the goalkeeper with the shot.”
Questions and negatives
Use the present to ask about habits and to say what does not happen. The question and the negative use exactly the same forms as the statement.
“¿Tú aturdes al rival con un golpe?” — “Do you stun the rival with a blow?”
The present tense vs the closest tenses
Present — habit or general fact vs Preterite — one finished occasion
The present describes a habit, a routine or a general fact — something that happens again and again or that is true in general. The preterite reports one finished occasion in the past. Use the present when the action repeats or is still true, and the preterite when you are telling what happened once, on a specific day.
- Present — habit or general fact: Aturde con el ruido de la obra. — “He/she stuns with the noise from the building work.”
- Preterite — one finished occasion: Aturdió con el ruido de la obra. — the same idea, placed in the preterite.
Present — now vs Imperfect — a past habit or background
The present talks about now. The imperfect talks about the past as a background — a repeated habit, an ongoing situation, something that used to happen. If you can add “used to” in English, the imperfect is usually the right choice; if it is happening now or always, use the present.
- Present — now: Aturden a su madre con la noticia. — “They stun his mother with the news.”
- Imperfect — a past habit or background: Aturdían a su madre con la noticia. — the same idea, placed in the imperfect.
Present — now or a fixed plan vs Future — what will happen
The present describes what happens now, what you do regularly, or a plan that is already fixed. The future describes what will happen later — a promise, a prediction, a plan that is not yet under way. Spanish often uses the present for near-future plans, but the future is the form for a clear statement about tomorrow.
- Present — now or a fixed plan: Aturdes al portero con el disparo. — “You stun the goalkeeper with the shot.”
- Future — what will happen: Aturdirás al portero con el disparo. — the same idea, placed in the future.
Examples: aturdir in the present tense
Seven sentences that show aturdir in the present tense only, across all six persons. Read each one aloud, notice the ending, and check the translation.
- Yo aturdo al rival con un golpe. — “I stun the rival with a blow.”
- Tú aturdes con el ruido de la obra. — “You stun with the noise from the building work.”
- Él aturde a su madre con la noticia. — “He stuns his mother with the news.”
- Nosotros aturdimos al portero con el disparo. — “We stun the goalkeeper with the shot.”
- Vosotros aturdís al rival con un golpe. — “You (plural) stun the rival with a blow.”
- Ellos aturden con el ruido de la obra. — “They stun with the noise from the building work.”
- ¿Tú aturdes a su madre con la noticia? — “Do you stun his mother with the news?”
Common mistakes with aturdir in the present tense
These are the errors learners actually make with aturdir in the present tense. Each one shows the wrong form, the right form, and why the right form is right.
✗ Yo aturdir al rival con un golpe. (using the infinitive instead of a conjugated form).
✓ Correct: Yo aturdo al rival con un golpe.
The infinitive is not a conjugated form. With yo, the present tense of aturdir is aturdo, not the infinitive aturdir.
✗ Vosotros aturdis al rival con un golpe. (forgetting the accent on the vosotros form).
✓ Correct: Vosotros aturdís al rival con un golpe.
The vosotros present form carries a written accent: aturdís, not aturdis. The accent marks the stressed vowel, and leaving it out is a spelling mistake.
✗ Ayer, yo aturdo con el ruido de la obra. (using the present for a finished past action).
✓ Correct: Ayer, yo aturdí con el ruido de la obra.
The present and the preterite are different tenses: aturdo is happening now, while aturdí is a finished action in the past. Use the preterite with ayer.
✗ Treating aturdir and confundir as identical in every context. (confusing aturdir with confundir).
✓ Correct: Aturdir means to stun, to daze, while confundir means to confuse.
They overlap, but each has uses the other does not: aturdir fits sentences such as Aturdo al rival con un golpe, while confundir belongs in a different sentence. Check the meaning you want before choosing.
Quiz: aturdir in the present tense
Eight questions on the present tense of aturdir. Choose the best answer for each one, then check the answer key below — every answer is explained.
1. Which is the correct present tense form of aturdir for tú?
- a) aturdes
- b) aturdo
- c) aturde
- d) aturden
2. Complete the sentence: Yo ______ al rival con un golpe. — “I stun the rival with a blow.”
- a) aturde
- b) aturdimos
- c) aturdes
- d) aturdo
3. Complete the sentence: Él ______ con el ruido de la obra. — “He/she stuns with the noise from the building work.” (present tense)
- a) aturdía
- b) aturdirá
- c) aturde
- d) aturdió
4. Which is the correct present tense form of aturdir for nosotros?
- a) aturden
- b) aturdimos
- c) aturdo
- d) aturde
5. Which sentence uses aturdir correctly in the present tense?
- a) Él aturdió con el ruido de la obra.
- b) Él aturde con el ruido de la obra.
- c) Él aturdirá con el ruido de la obra.
- d) Ellos aturde con el ruido de la obra.
6. Complete the sentence: Ellos ______ a su madre con la noticia. — “They stun his mother with the news.”
- a) aturdo
- b) aturde
- c) aturdimos
- d) aturden
7. Complete the question: ¿Tú ______ al portero con el disparo? — “Do you stun the goalkeeper with the shot?”
- a) aturde
- b) aturdirás
- c) aturdes
- d) aturdo
8. What is the gerund of aturdir?
- a) aturdí
- b) aturdiendo
- c) aturdido
- d) aturdo
Answer key
a) aturdes — The tú form is aturdes. The -s ending belongs to tú in the present; aturdo is yo, aturde is él/ella and aturden is ellos/ellas.
d) aturdo — The sentence needs the yo form in the present: aturdo. The other options are the wrong person.
c) aturde — The sentence needs the él/ella/Ud. form in the present: aturde. The other options are the preterite, the imperfect and the future.
b) aturdimos — Nosotros takes aturdimos. In the present the nosotros ending for -ir verbs is -imos, attached to the stem.
b) Él aturde con el ruido de la obra. — Él aturde con el ruido de la obra. is correct: the verb agrees with its subject. The other sentences use the wrong person or the wrong tense.
d) aturden — The subject is ellos/ellas/Uds., so the present form is aturden.
c) aturdes — The question needs the tú form in the present: aturdes.
b) aturdiendo — The gerund is aturdiendo. It is the form you use with estar for the progressive (estar + gerund), and it is not the past participle aturdido.
Frequently asked questions
Is aturdir regular in the present tense?
Yes. Aturdir is a regular -ir verb in the present tense, so the forms follow the standard endings: aturdo, aturdes, aturde, aturdimos, aturdís and aturden.
What is the gerund and the past participle of aturdir?
The gerund is aturdiendo and the past participle is aturdido. Use the gerund with estar for the progressive, and the participle with haber for the perfect tenses.
How do you say “I stun” in Spanish?
Say aturdo. For example: Aturdo al rival con un golpe. — “I stun the rival with a blow.”
What is the difference between aturdir and confundir?
Aturdir means “to stun, to daze”, while confundir means “to confuse”. They are related words that learners often meet together, but they are not interchangeable — use aturdir when you mean “to stun, to daze” and confundir when you mean “to confuse”. The full conjugation of aturdir is on its own page.
Related links
- Full conjugation of aturdir — every tense and mood, with the complete tables.
- aturdir examples and quiz — more sentences, dialogues and a longer quiz.
- Spanish Present tense guide — how the present tense works for all Spanish verbs.
- Spanish verbs — the full list of Spanish verbs on VerbFlow.
- Aludir conjugation — another -ir verb to compare with aturdir.
- Departir conjugation — another -ir verb to compare with aturdir.
- Aducir conjugation — another -ir verb to compare with aturdir.
- Present Tense Conjugator — practise this verb in the interactive tool.
- Spanish Verb Quiz — test yourself on Spanish verbs.