Lastimar Conjugation in Spanish
lastimar means "to hurt, to injure" in English, and it comes up when people talk about his brother with his words, his friend's arm, other people without meaning to and his knee in the game. This page gives you the complete conjugation of lastimar in every tense and mood — present, preterite, imperfect, future, conditional, the four perfect tenses, both subjunctive tenses and the imperative — with all six persons, plus the gerund and the past participle. Every form below comes from VerbFlow's verified conjugation tables, so you can trust the accents and the spelling changes. lastimar is a regular -ar verb, and the notes under each tense explain exactly where it follows the rules and where it breaks them. To hear it in a real sentence: Cada día, yo lastimo a su hermano con sus palabras. — "Every day, I hurt his brother with his words." Work through the tables, read the notes, then test yourself with the quiz at the end of the page.
Quick facts
- Infinitive: lastimar
- English: to hurt, to injure
- Verb type: regular -ar verb
- Gerund: lastimando
- Past participle: lastimado
- Auxiliary verb: haber (all compound tenses use haber + lastimado)
Full conjugation table
Every tense of lastimar with all six persons. The gerund is lastimando and the past participle is lastimado.
Present indicative
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | lastimo |
| tú | lastimas |
| él/ella/Ud. | lastima |
| nosotros/as | lastimamos |
| vosotros/as | lastimáis |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | lastiman |
Preterite (past)
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | lastimé |
| tú | lastimaste |
| él/ella/Ud. | lastimó |
| nosotros/as | lastimamos |
| vosotros/as | lastimasteis |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | lastimaron |
Imperfect
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | lastimaba |
| tú | lastimabas |
| él/ella/Ud. | lastimaba |
| nosotros/as | lastimábamos |
| vosotros/as | lastimabais |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | lastimaban |
Future
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | lastimaré |
| tú | lastimarás |
| él/ella/Ud. | lastimará |
| nosotros/as | lastimaremos |
| vosotros/as | lastimaréis |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | lastimarán |
Conditional
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | lastimaría |
| tú | lastimarías |
| él/ella/Ud. | lastimaría |
| nosotros/as | lastimaríamos |
| vosotros/as | lastimaríais |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | lastimarían |
Present perfect
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | he lastimado |
| tú | has lastimado |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha lastimado |
| nosotros/as | hemos lastimado |
| vosotros/as | habéis lastimado |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | han lastimado |
Pluperfect
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | había lastimado |
| tú | habías lastimado |
| él/ella/Ud. | había lastimado |
| nosotros/as | habíamos lastimado |
| vosotros/as | habíais lastimado |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | habían lastimado |
Future perfect
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | habré lastimado |
| tú | habrás lastimado |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá lastimado |
| nosotros/as | habremos lastimado |
| vosotros/as | habréis lastimado |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | habrán lastimado |
Conditional perfect
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | habría lastimado |
| tú | habrías lastimado |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría lastimado |
| nosotros/as | habríamos lastimado |
| vosotros/as | habríais lastimado |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | habrían lastimado |
Present subjunctive
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | lastime |
| tú | lastimes |
| él/ella/Ud. | lastime |
| nosotros/as | lastimemos |
| vosotros/as | lastiméis |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | lastimen |
Imperfect subjunctive (-ra)
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| yo | lastimara |
| tú | lastimaras |
| él/ella/Ud. | lastimara |
| nosotros/as | lastimáramos |
| vosotros/as | lastimarais |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | lastimaran |
Imperative (affirmative)
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| tú | lastima |
| él/ella/Ud. | lastime |
| nosotros/as | lastimemos |
| vosotros/as | lastimad |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | lastimen |
Imperative (negative)
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| tú | lastimes |
| él/ella/Ud. | lastime |
| nosotros/as | lastimemos |
| vosotros/as | lastiméis |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | lastimen |
Notes on each tense
A short note for every tense: when it is used, one example, and anything irregular about lastimar in that tense.
Present indicative
The present indicative of lastimar is used for routines, habits, general truths and things happening right now. Cada día, yo lastimo a su hermano con sus palabras. — "Every day, I hurt his brother with his words." For lastimar this tense follows the regular -ar pattern: the stem lastim- plus the usual endings. Learn the six forms in the table above, and practise them with the complements in the examples section below.
Preterite (past)
The preterite (past) of lastimar is used for one action that started and finished in the past. Ayer, yo lastimé el brazo de su amigo. — "Yesterday, I hurt his friend's arm." For lastimar this tense follows the regular -ar pattern: the stem lastim- plus the usual endings. Say each form aloud with the complement after it, so the person and the ending stay linked in your memory.
Imperfect
The imperfect of lastimar is used for an ongoing or repeated action in the past, background description and habits that no longer happen. Antes, yo lastimaba a los demás sin querer. — "In the past, I used to hurt other people without meaning to." For lastimar this tense follows the regular -ar pattern: the stem lastim- plus the usual endings. Compare the forms with the present tense as you learn them, and the pattern will stay clear.
Future
The future of lastimar is used for what will happen, plans and predictions. Mañana, nosotros lastimaremos su rodilla en el juego. — "Tomorrow, we will hurt his knee in the game." For lastimar this tense follows the regular -ar pattern: the stem lastim- plus the usual endings. Learn the six forms in the table above, and practise them with the complements in the examples section below.
Conditional
The conditional of lastimar is used for what would happen, hypothetical situations and polite requests. Si pudieras, tú lastimarías a su hermano con sus palabras. — "If you could, you would hurt his brother with his words." For lastimar this tense follows the regular -ar pattern: the stem lastim- plus the usual endings. Say each form aloud with the complement after it, so the person and the ending stay linked in your memory.
Present perfect
The present perfect of lastimar is used for an action completed in the recent past that still matters now, or life experience up to now. Yo he lastimado el brazo de su amigo. — "I have hurt his friend's arm." For lastimar this tense follows the regular -ar pattern: the stem lastim- plus the usual endings. Compare the forms with the present tense as you learn them, and the pattern will stay clear.
Pluperfect
The pluperfect of lastimar is used for an action that had already happened before another past action. Antes de la fiesta, yo había lastimado a los demás sin querer. — "Before the party, I had hurt other people without meaning to." For lastimar this tense follows the regular -ar pattern: the stem lastim- plus the usual endings. Learn the six forms in the table above, and practise them with the complements in the examples section below.
Future perfect
The future perfect of lastimar is used for an action that will be finished by a point in the future. Para mañana, yo habré lastimado su rodilla en el juego. — "By tomorrow, I will have hurt his knee in the game." For lastimar this tense follows the regular -ar pattern: the stem lastim- plus the usual endings. Say each form aloud with the complement after it, so the person and the ending stay linked in your memory.
Conditional perfect
The conditional perfect of lastimar is used for what would have happened if things had been different. Si hubiera podido, yo habría lastimado a su hermano con sus palabras. — "If I had been able to, I would have hurt his brother with his words." For lastimar this tense follows the regular -ar pattern: the stem lastim- plus the usual endings. Compare the forms with the present tense as you learn them, and the pattern will stay clear.
Present subjunctive
The present subjunctive of lastimar is used for wishes, doubts, emotions and requests after expressions such as espero que. Espero que él lastime el brazo de su amigo. — "I hope that he/she hurts his friend's arm." For lastimar this tense follows the regular -ar pattern: the stem lastim- plus the usual endings. Learn the six forms in the table above, and practise them with the complements in the examples section below.
Imperfect subjunctive (-ra)
The imperfect subjunctive (-ra) of lastimar is used for the same subjunctive meanings in the past, and in si clauses about unreal situations. Si él lastimara a los demás sin querer, todo saldría mejor. — "If he/she hurt other people without meaning to, everything would turn out better." For lastimar this tense follows the regular -ar pattern: the stem lastim- plus the usual endings. Say each form aloud with the complement after it, so the person and the ending stay linked in your memory.
Imperative (affirmative)
The imperative (affirmative) of lastimar is used for orders, instructions and invitations. ¡Lastima su rodilla en el juego! — "Hurt his knee in the game!" For lastimar this tense follows the regular -ar pattern: the stem lastim- plus the usual endings. Compare the forms with the present tense as you learn them, and the pattern will stay clear.
Imperative (negative)
The imperative (negative) of lastimar is used for prohibitions and negative orders. No lastimes a su hermano con sus palabras. — "Do not hurt his brother with his words." For lastimar this tense follows the regular -ar pattern: the stem lastim- plus the usual endings. Learn the six forms in the table above, and practise them with the complements in the examples section below.
Examples: lastimar in real sentences
Ten sentences with lastimar, one for each main tense, each with its English translation. Read them aloud, then try changing the person and the complement to make your own versions.
- Cada día, yo lastimo a su hermano con sus palabras. — "Every day, I hurt his brother with his words." This is the present tense, used for a habit.
- Ayer, yo lastimé el brazo de su amigo. — "Yesterday, I hurt his friend's arm." This is the preterite, one finished action.
- Antes, yo lastimaba a los demás sin querer. — "In the past, I used to hurt other people without meaning to." This is the imperfect, a repeated action in the past.
- Mañana, nosotros lastimaremos su rodilla en el juego. — "Tomorrow, we will hurt his knee in the game." This is the future tense, a plan for tomorrow.
- Si pudieras, tú lastimarías a su hermano con sus palabras. — "If you could, you would hurt his brother with his words." This is the conditional, something that would happen.
- Yo he lastimado el brazo de su amigo. — "I have hurt his friend's arm." This is the present perfect, an action with present relevance.
- Espero que él lastime a los demás sin querer. — "I hope that he/she hurts other people without meaning to." This is the present subjunctive, after espero que.
- Si él lastimara su rodilla en el juego, todo saldría mejor. — "If he/she hurt his knee in the game, everything would turn out better." This is the imperfect subjunctive, in a si clause.
- ¡Lastima a su hermano con sus palabras! — "Hurt his brother with his words!" This is the imperative, a direct order or request.
- Ahora, Yo estoy lastimando el brazo de su amigo. — "Now, I am hurtting his friend's arm." This is the progressive, with estar and the gerund.
Common mistakes with lastimar
The errors learners actually make with lastimar, each with the wrong form, the right form, and why it is wrong.
Mistake 1: Adding a reflexive pronoun that does not belong
- Wrong: Yo me lastimo a su hermano con sus palabras.
- Right: Yo lastimo a su hermano con sus palabras.
- Why: lastimar is not reflexive, so there is no pronoun to add. Yo lastimo a su hermano con sus palabras. is the correct sentence, and the extra pronoun changes the meaning.
Mistake 2: Dropping the accent on the vosotros form
- Wrong: Vosotros lastimais a su hermano con sus palabras.
- Right: Vosotros lastimáis a su hermano con sus palabras.
- Why: The vosotros form lastimáis carries a written accent. Without it the word is misspelled, and in writing the accent is part of the form.
Mistake 3: Using the present tense for yesterday
- Wrong: Ayer, yo lastimo el brazo de su amigo.
- Right: Ayer, yo lastimé el brazo de su amigo.
- Why: Ayer means yesterday, so the action is finished and needs the preterite. The present tense is for habits and routines, not for yesterday: Ayer, yo lastimé el brazo de su amigo. — "Yesterday, I hurt his friend's arm."
Mistake 4: Mixing up the gerund and the participle
- Wrong: Estoy lastimado a los demás sin querer.
- Right: Estoy lastimando a los demás sin querer.
- Why: After estar you need the gerund lastimando for the progressive. The participle lastimado goes with haber in the perfect tenses (he lastimado), never after estar.
Mistake 5: Confusing lastimar with lastimarse
- Wrong: Yo me lastimo a su hermano con sus palabras.
- Right: Yo lastimo a su hermano con sus palabras.
- Why: lastimar (to hurt, to injure) and lastimarse are partners, not the same verb. The reflexive partner lastimarse is used when the action comes back to the subject, while lastimar is used when the action is done to someone or something else.
Quiz: lastimar conjugation
Test yourself with ten questions on lastimar. The answers are explained, so read them even when you get a question right.
1. What is the yo form of lastimar in the present tense?
- (a) lastima
- (b) lastimamos
- (c) lastimo
- (d) lastimas
Answer: (c) lastimo. The yo form is lastimo. Check the person before you answer.
2. What is the tú form of lastimar in the present tense?
- (a) lastimamos
- (b) lastimas
- (c) lastimo
- (d) lastima
Answer: (b) lastimas. The tú form is lastimas. Check the person before you answer.
3. What is the él/ella form of lastimar in the present tense?
- (a) lastima
- (b) lastimo
- (c) lastimas
- (d) lastimamos
Answer: (a) lastima. The él/ella form is lastima. Check the person before you answer.
4. What is the nosotros form of lastimar in the present tense?
- (a) lastimo
- (b) lastimas
- (c) lastima
- (d) lastimamos
Answer: (d) lastimamos. The nosotros form is lastimamos. Check the person before you answer.
5. What is the ellos/ellas form of lastimar in the present tense?
- (a) lastimas
- (b) lastima
- (c) lastiman
- (d) lastimo
Answer: (c) lastiman. The ellos/ellas form is lastiman. Check the person before you answer.
6. What is the gerund of lastimar?
- (a) lastimo
- (b) lastimar
- (c) lastimando
- (d) lastimado
Answer: (c) lastimando. The gerund is lastimando, used for the progressive: estoy lastimando.
7. What is the past participle of lastimar?
- (a) lastimar
- (b) lastimado
- (c) lastimando
- (d) lastimé
Answer: (b) lastimado. The past participle is lastimado, used with haber in all perfect tenses: he lastimado.
8. Complete the sentence: Cada día, yo ___ a su hermano con sus palabras.
- (a) lastimo
- (b) lastimas
- (c) lastima
- (d) lastimamos
Answer: (a) lastimo. The sentence needs the yo form lastimo (Every day, I hurt his brother with his words.)
9. What is the yo form of lastimar in the preterite?
- (a) lastimaste
- (b) lastimó
- (c) lastimamos
- (d) lastimé
Answer: (d) lastimé. The yo preterite is lastimé. The preterite describes one finished action.
10. Complete the sentence: Espero que él ___ a los demás sin querer.
- (a) lastiméis
- (b) lastime
- (c) lastimes
- (d) lastimemos
Answer: (b) lastime. After espero que Spanish needs the subjunctive, and the él form is lastime.
Frequently asked questions about lastimar
Is lastimar regular?
Yes. lastimar is a regular -ar verb: lastimo, lastimé, lastimaba, lastimaré. There are no spelling changes and no stem changes, so once you know the endings you can conjugate it in every tense.
What does lastimar mean, and when do I use it?
lastimar means "to hurt, to injure" in English. Use it when you talk about his brother with his words, his friend's arm, other people without meaning to and his knee in the game — for example: Yo lastimo a su hermano con sus palabras. — "I hurt his brother with his words." It is a practical verb for everyday conversation, and it appears in all the tenses on this page.
How do you say it in a real sentence?
A natural sentence is: Yo lastimo a su hermano con sus palabras. — "I hurt his brother with his words." Change the person using the table above, and change the complement to talk about your own life: the verb stays the same, only the ending changes.
What is the difference between lastimar and lastimarse?
lastimar means "to hurt, to injure", while lastimarse means "to hurt oneself". The reflexive form is used when the action comes back to the subject, and the plain form is used when the action is done to someone or something else. Compare the two pages side by side to feel the difference.
When do I use the present tense instead of the preterite with lastimar?
Use the present for habits and routines: Yo lastimo a su hermano con sus palabras. — "I hurt his brother with his words." Use the preterite for one finished action: Ayer, yo lastimé a su hermano con sus palabras. — "Yesterday, I hurt his brother with his words." If the action happens regularly, choose the present; if it happened once and is finished, choose the preterite.